Air-water flux reconciliation between the atmospheric CO2 profile and mass balance techniques
Publication Type:
Book ChapterSource:
Transport at the Air-Sea Interface: Measurements, Models and Parametrizations, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Berlin, p.181-+ (2007)ISBN:
978-3-540-36904-2Keywords:
GAS-EXCHANGE, INTERFACE, WIND-SPEEDAbstract:
Studies deploying atmospheric flux-profile techniques in laboratory wind-wave tanks have been performed to demonstrate and verify the use of airside turbulent transport models and micrometeorological approaches to accurately determine air-water gas transfer velocities. Air-water gas transfer velocities have been estimated using the CO2 atmospheric flux-profile technique in laboratory wind-wave tanks both at the NASA Wallops Flight Facility, USA and Kyoto University, Japan. Gas fluxes using the flux-profile and the waterside mass balance techniques have been reconciled. Air-water fluxes of H2O and momentum were also measured simultaneously in a linear wind-wave tank. The waterside mass balances used the evasion of SF6. The CO2, H2O, and momentum fluxes were calculated using the atmospheric flux-profile technique over a wind speed range of 1 to 14 m s(-1). The CO2 and H2O atmospheric profile model uses airside turbulent diffusivities derived from momentum fluxes. These studies demonstrate that the quantification of air-water CO2 fluxes using the atmospheric flux-profile technique can be implemented in the laboratory. The profile technique can be used to measure an air-water flux in much less time than a mass balance. Effects of surfactants, wind speed, and wind stress on air-water transfer are also explored using the flux-profile technique. Validation of the air-water CO2 gas exchange in laboratory wind-wave tanks provides evidence and support that this technique may be used in field studies.